TABLE OF CONTENTS
1️⃣ SHORT NOTES FOR REVISION
🌟 3.1 Recap: What Is Artificial Intelligence?
Human Intelligence vs Artificial Intelligence
| Human Intelligence | Artificial Intelligence |
|---|---|
| Ability of humans to think, learn, and make decisions. | Ability of machines to think, learn, and make decisions. |
| Works naturally, developed through experience. | Works using data and algorithms. |
| Example: You learn to identify fruits by seeing and tasting. | Example: AI learns to identify fruits using thousands of pictures. |
👉 In short: AI is a machine’s ability to think and learn like humans.
Automation vs Artificial Intelligence
| Automation | Artificial Intelligence |
|---|---|
| Machines work on their own using fixed instructions. | Machines think and learn to improve decisions. |
| Works on repetitive physical tasks. | Works on learning and decision-making tasks. |
| Example: Washing machine, traffic signal. | Example: Face recognition, Siri, Alexa, ChatGPT. |
Summary:
Automation = Doing work automatically
AI = Doing work intelligently
💡 3.2 Applications of Artificial Intelligence
AI is used everywhere around us. Here are some examples:
| Field | Example | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Entertainment | YouTube video suggestions | Shows content you like. |
| Navigation | Google Maps | Finds shortest travel routes. |
| Communication | Alexa, Siri, Google Assistant | Understands and answers questions. |
| Healthcare | Smartwatches | Monitors heart rate and activity. |
| Education | AI tutoring apps | Personalized learning support. |
| Security | Face unlock in phones | Recognizes authorized users. |
Activity Idea:
Ask students to list 5 ways they use AI in their daily life (e.g., Google search, autocorrect, music recommendations, etc.)
🧩 3.3 Domains of Artificial Intelligence
AI can perform different kinds of tasks. These tasks fall under three main domains.
1. Computer Vision (CV)
- Machines see and understand images or videos.
- Example:
- Face recognition in phones.
- Traffic cameras identifying vehicles.
- Use: Helps machines “see” like humans.
2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
- Machines understand and process human language (spoken or written).
- Example:
- Alexa or Google Assistant understanding commands.
- Chatbots answering customer questions.
- Use: Helps machines “understand language”.
3. Data (Statistical Analysis)
- Machines analyze large amounts of numbers or data to find patterns or predictions.
- Example:
- Predicting weather using temperature and humidity data.
- Predicting exam results using previous year’s performance.
- Use: Helps machines “think” using numbers and logic.
Quick Match Activity
Match the AI use with the correct domain:
| Use | Domain |
|---|---|
| 1. Self-driving car camera | 🟩 Computer Vision |
| 2. Chatbot answering questions | 🟦 NLP |
| 3. Predicting sales or rainfall | 🟥 Data |
🌍 3.4 AI and Sustainability
AI can also help in making our planet more sustainable.
Examples:
- Predicting floods or droughts using data (helps farmers).
- Monitoring pollution and forest cover using satellites.
- Reducing electricity waste using smart energy systems.
Conclusion:
AI can help achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by solving real-world environmental and social problems.
🔁 3.5 Recap: AI Project Cycle
Let’s recall the six stages of an AI Project Cycle:
| Stage | Task | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Problem Scoping | Identify the problem | Air pollution in city |
| 2. Data Acquisition | Collect data | Air quality readings |
| 3. Data Exploration | Understand data | Charts of pollution trends |
| 4. Modeling | Build AI model | Predict air quality |
| 5. Evaluation | Test model | Check accuracy |
| 6. Deployment | Deliver solution | Mobile app with alerts |
🧭 3.6 AI Ethics (Recap)
We must make sure AI follows moral and social values.
| Ethical Principle | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Human-Centric | AI should help humans, not harm them. |
| Unbiased | AI should treat everyone fairly. |
| Data-Protective | Keep user data safe and private. |
| Sustainable | AI should support environment and social welfare. |
🗣️ 3.7 Dialogue on AI Project Template
This is a fun activity to help students present all their learning through a short conversation with a “Best Friend”.
Step 0 – Friends Forever!
Draw yourself and your best friend.
Write their name and imagine you are explaining AI to them.
Step 1 – What Is AI?
🧑🤝🧑
Friend: What is AI?
You: AI means Artificial Intelligence — the ability of machines to think and learn like humans.
Step 2 – Applications of AI
Friend: Where is AI used?
You: It’s used in YouTube recommendations, Google Maps, digital assistants like Alexa, and even in self-driving cars.
Step 3 – Domains of AI
Friend: Can AI do all types of work?
You: AI works in three main areas — Computer Vision, NLP, and Data Analysis.
Step 4 – AI Use Case
Friend: Can AI help in solving real problems?
You: Yes! For example, AI can help predict air pollution or detect plant diseases in farms.
Step 5 – Mapping AI Use Case to Project Cycle
Friend: How will we make this AI system?
You: We’ll follow six steps — Problem Scoping, Data Acquisition, Data Exploration, Modeling, Evaluation, and Deployment.
Step 6 – AI Ethics
Friend: Is there any risk in using AI?
You: Yes, we must follow AI Ethics — AI should be fair, unbiased, and protect data privacy.
Step 7 – Presentation Time!
Now present your dialogue in pairs before your class.
Speak clearly and confidently.
You may also use posters or slides to support your talk.
🤝 3.8 Group Projects
GROUP PROJECT 1: 4W Problem Canvas
Activity: Create a problem statement using the 4Ws.
- Form groups of 5–6 students.
- Select a theme from below:
- Agriculture
- Food Processing
- Dairy Farming
- Healthcare
- Retail
- Banking & Finance
- Tourism/Hospitality
- Identify a problem and fill this Problem Statement Template:
Our (who) has a problem that (what) when (where).
An ideal solution would (why).
Example:
Our farmers have a problem that crops are being affected by pests when they cannot identify diseases early.
An ideal solution would be an AI-based mobile app that detects crop disease from pictures.
GROUP PROJECT 2: AI Tools & Solutions
- Choose a field (from the list above).
- Create 5 AI-based tools/solutions for that field.
- Explain how each tool helps.
Example (Healthcare):
| Tool | Function |
|---|---|
| AI Doctor Chatbot | Gives first aid advice to patients. |
| AI Scan Analyzer | Reads X-rays and MRI scans faster. |
| Fitness Tracker | Monitors heart rate and sleep. |
| Medicine Reminder App | Reminds patients to take medicines. |
| Disease Prediction Model | Predicts chances of illness using data. |
📝 3.9 Quick Revision
| Topic | Key Points |
|---|---|
| AI Definition | Machine’s ability to think and learn like humans. |
| Domains of AI | Computer Vision, NLP, Data Analysis. |
| Applications | Google Maps, YouTube, Alexa, Self-driving cars, Health apps. |
| AI Project Cycle | 6 stages from problem to deployment. |
| AI Ethics | Responsible, fair, safe use of AI. |
| Project Template | Dialogue with friend + 4W problem statement. |
SUMMARY:
Artificial Intelligence combines technology and ethics to solve real-world problems responsibly.
By understanding AI’s domains, project cycle, and ethical rules, students can become AI creators — not just users!
2️⃣ 20 BEST MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)
1. AI stands for:
A. Automatic Information B. Artificial Intelligence C. Automated Interface D. Artificial Input
✅ Answer: B
2. AI is a machine’s ability to:
A. Feel emotions B. Think and learn C. Work without electricity D. Store files
✅ Answer: B
3. Which of the following is an example of automation?
A. Alexa B. Face unlock C. Washing machine D. ChatGPT
✅ Answer: C
4. Which is an example of Artificial Intelligence?
A. Printer B. Self-driving car C. Fan D. Light switch
✅ Answer: B
5. The main difference between Automation and AI is:
A. AI learns and decides B. AI works on fixed rules C. Automation learns D. Both are same
✅ Answer: A
6. Computer Vision helps AI to:
A. Understand text B. See images and videos C. Speak languages D. Predict numbers
✅ Answer: B
7. Natural Language Processing allows AI to:
A. Learn math B. Understand human language C. Drive cars D. Play games
✅ Answer: B
8. Statistical AI focuses on:
A. Art B. Emotions C. Numbers and patterns D. Physics
✅ Answer: C
9. Which of these is not an AI domain?
A. Computer Vision B. NLP C. Data Analysis D. Animation Design
✅ Answer: D
10. Example of AI in entertainment:
A. YouTube suggestions B. Sewing machine C. Lift D. Bulb
✅ Answer: A
11. AI in healthcare can:
A. Predict diseases B. Build roads C. Store documents D. Print photos
✅ Answer: A
12. Which stage of AI Project Cycle defines the goal?
A. Modelling B. Data Exploration C. Problem Scoping D. Deployment
✅ Answer: C
13. In which stage do we collect information?
A. Evaluation B. Data Acquisition C. Modelling D. Deployment
✅ Answer: B
14. Visual representation of data is done in:
A. Data Exploration B. Problem Scoping C. Deployment D. Testing
✅ Answer: A
15. AI that predicts tomorrow’s weather works in which domain?
A. NLP B. Computer Vision C. Data D. Robotics
✅ Answer: C
16. AI Ethics ensure:
A. Profit only B. Responsible and fair use C. Fastest results only D. None
✅ Answer: B
17. Which principle protects user information?
A. Sustainable B. Unbiased C. Data-Protective D. Human-Centric
✅ Answer: C
18. The 4W Canvas is used in which stage?
A. Problem Scoping B. Data Acquisition C. Modelling D. Evaluation
✅ Answer: A
19. Example of sustainable AI use:
A. Reducing pollution using sensors B. Replacing teachers C. Fake videos D. Job loss
✅ Answer: A
20. What does deployment mean?
A. Collecting data B. Testing model C. Making AI ready for use D. Deleting data
✅ Answer: C
3️⃣ VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (VSAQs)
- Define Artificial Intelligence.
→ AI is the ability of machines to think, learn, and make decisions like humans. - What is Automation?
→ Machines working automatically based on fixed instructions. - Name the three domains of AI.
→ Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, and Data Analysis. - Give one example of AI in communication.
→ Alexa or Google Assistant. - What is Computer Vision?
→ It enables machines to see and understand images or videos. - What is NLP?
→ Natural Language Processing helps AI understand human language. - What does “sustainable AI” mean?
→ AI that supports society and the environment responsibly. - What is the first stage of the AI Project Cycle?
→ Problem Scoping. - What does the term “deployment” mean?
→ Making the AI model available for use. - What is the goal of AI Ethics?
→ To ensure fairness, privacy, and responsible use of AI.
4️⃣ SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (SAQs)
- Differentiate between Automation and AI.
→ Automation follows fixed instructions, while AI can think, learn, and improve from data. - List any three applications of AI in daily life.
→ Google Maps, YouTube suggestions, and Face Unlock. - What are the three main domains of AI?
→ Computer Vision, NLP, and Data Analysis. - How does AI help in sustainability?
→ By predicting natural disasters, monitoring pollution, and saving energy. - Why is AI Ethics important?
→ It ensures AI is used safely, fairly, and for the benefit of humans. - What happens in the Modelling stage?
→ The AI model is trained to make predictions or decisions. - Why is Evaluation important in AI projects?
→ It tests the model to check its accuracy and performance. - How can AI support education?
→ AI tutors personalize learning and help students practice better. - Give one example of bias in AI.
→ Voice assistants using only female voices. - What is the use of the 4W Canvas?
→ It helps define who, what, where, and why of a problem.
5️⃣ LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (LAQs)
- Explain the difference between Automation and Artificial Intelligence with examples.
→ Automation performs repetitive tasks automatically, like a washing machine or traffic light. AI, however, learns and makes intelligent decisions, like Siri or self-driving cars. While automation saves time, AI adds reasoning and learning ability to machines. - Describe the three domains of AI with examples.
→ (i) Computer Vision – Machines see (e.g., Face Unlock).
(ii) NLP – Machines understand language (e.g., Chatbots).
(iii) Data Analysis – Machines predict outcomes (e.g., Weather forecast). - What are the six stages of the AI Project Cycle?
→ Problem Scoping, Data Acquisition, Data Exploration, Modelling, Evaluation, and Deployment. Each stage helps in building, testing, and delivering an effective AI solution. - How does AI contribute to sustainability?
→ AI predicts climate changes, reduces waste, and promotes clean energy. It supports the UN’s SDGs by helping humans manage resources better and protect nature. - Why should AI always follow ethical principles?
→ Ethical AI ensures fairness, transparency, privacy, and equality. Without ethics, AI may become biased or harmful. Responsible AI builds trust and serves humanity positively.
6️⃣ SOURCE-BASED / CASE-BASED QUESTIONS
Case 1: AI in Agriculture
Farmers use AI-powered apps to detect crop diseases through images and get solutions instantly.
Questions:
- Which AI domain is used here?
- Which stage of the AI Project Cycle involves image collection?
- How does this AI support sustainability?
Answers:
- Computer Vision.
- Data Acquisition.
- It reduces pesticide use and increases healthy crop yield.
Case 2: AI for Smart Traffic
A city installs AI cameras that detect traffic jams and control signals automatically.
Questions:
- Which AI domain is applied?
- Which stage focuses on testing model performance?
- Why must this AI follow ethical principles?
Answers:
- Computer Vision.
- Evaluation.
- To prevent misuse of vehicle or driver data.
Case 3: Chatbots in Education
Many schools use AI chatbots to answer student queries and assist in homework.
Questions:
- Which AI domain is involved?
- How can this AI system help teachers?
- What ethical issue must developers watch for?
Answers:
- NLP (Natural Language Processing).
- It saves time and gives instant support to students.
- Protecting students’ private data.
7️⃣ SOLVED EXERCISE-END QUESTIONS (NCERT-BASED)
Q1. What is the difference between Automation and Artificial Intelligence?
→ Automation performs fixed, repetitive tasks, while AI can learn and make intelligent decisions.
Q2. List any three applications of AI in daily life.
→ Google Maps, YouTube recommendations, and digital assistants like Siri.
Q3. Name the three main domains of AI.
→ Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, and Data Analysis.
Q4. Explain the importance of AI Ethics.
→ AI Ethics ensures fairness, privacy, and responsible development of technology.
Q5. What are the six stages of the AI Project Cycle?
→ Problem Scoping, Data Acquisition, Data Exploration, Modelling, Evaluation, and Deployment.
Q6. Create a problem statement using the 4Ws method.
→ Our farmers (who) face crop damage (what) during rainy seasons (where). An ideal solution would use AI to predict rainfall and protect crops (why).*
Q7. How can AI help make our planet sustainable?
→ By predicting natural disasters, tracking pollution, and optimizing energy use.
Q8. Write two examples of bias in AI.
→ (i) AI showing only male doctors. (ii) Voice assistants with only female voices.