Chapter 4: AI and Its Types Class 6

Understand the three key types of Artificial Intelligence easily.

🧭 Chapter Overview

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be divided into different types based on how capable the AI system is and how it functions.
Understanding these types helps us know what AI can do today and what it might achieve in the future.

This chapter explains:

The two major ways of classifying AI
Examples of each type
How AI evolves from simple to super-intelligent systems

4.1 Introduction to AI Types

💡 Definition:

AI systems are grouped into types based on:

Capabilities – How much the AI can learn and evolve.
Functionality – How the AI works or performs tasks.

🧩 Why Classification Is Important:

Reason	Description
Understanding Growth	Shows how AI develops from simple to complex.
Technology Levels	Helps researchers build advanced systems.
Safety & Control	Helps identify what level of human supervision is needed.

🧠 Mind Map: Introduction to AI Types

          TYPES OF AI
                |
      ---------------------------
      |                         |
 Based on Capabilities     Based on Functionality

4.2 Types of Artificial Intelligence

There are two main categories to classify AI:

Category	Basis	Number of Types	Example
Type 1	Based on Capabilities	3 Types	Narrow AI, General AI, Super AI
Type 2	Based on Functionality	4 Types	Reactive Machines, Limited Memory, Theory of Mind, Self-Aware AI

🧠 Mind Map: Types of AI

          Artificial Intelligence
                    |
        --------------------------------
        |                              |
  Based on Capabilities          Based on Functionality
        |                              |
   ANI, AGI, ASI             Reactive, Limited Memory,
                             Theory of Mind, Self-Aware

4.3 AI Type–1: Based on Capabilities

This classification shows how capable or powerful an AI system is in terms of thinking, reasoning, and learning.

There are three main types 👇

1️⃣ Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)

(Also known as Weak AI)

Feature	Description
Definition	AI designed to perform a single specific task.
Ability	Works within a limited pre-defined range.
Learning	Cannot learn beyond what it’s programmed for.
Example	Alexa, Siri, ChatGPT, Google Assistant, Chess AI.

🧩 Key Idea:
Narrow AI ≈ One skill, one goal.

2️⃣ Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

(Also known as Strong AI)

Feature	Description
Definition	AI that can understand, learn, and apply knowledge like a human being.
Ability	Can perform multiple tasks and think independently.
Status	Still under research and development.
Example	Hypothetical — future human-like robots or Jarvis (Iron Man).

🧩 Key Idea:
AGI ≈ AI that thinks like a human.

3️⃣ Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)

Feature	Description
Definition	AI that surpasses human intelligence and capabilities.
Ability	Can think, reason, and create beyond human imagination.
Risk	Might become uncontrollable if not ethically developed.
Example	Currently non-existent — only theoretical (like Ultron).

🧩 Key Idea:
ASI ≈ AI smarter than all humans combined.

📊 Comparison Table – AI Based on Capabilities

Type	Full Name	Also Known As	Description	Examples
1️⃣	Artificial Narrow Intelligence	Weak AI	Focused on one task	Siri, Alexa, ChatGPT
2️⃣	Artificial General Intelligence	Strong AI	Thinks and reasons like humans	Research stage
3️⃣	Artificial Super Intelligence	Super AI	Beyond human intelligence	Theoretical (future AI)

🧠 Mind Map: AI Based on Capabilities

        AI Based on Capabilities
                  |
  -----------------------------------------
  |                 |                    |
 Narrow (ANI)    General (AGI)       Super (ASI)
  |                 |                    |
 One Task       Human-Level         Beyond Human
 Intelligence    Intelligence        Intelligence

4.4 AI Type–2: Based on Functionality

This classification shows how AI behaves and functions — how it uses memory, learning, and awareness to make decisions.

There are four major types 👇

1️⃣ Reactive Machines

Feature	Description
Definition	Basic AI that reacts to current situations without memory.
Ability	No learning from past data.
Decision Making	Only responds based on programmed logic.
Example	IBM’s Deep Blue (chess-playing computer).

🧩 Key Idea:
Reactive AI = “If this happens, do that.”

2️⃣ Limited Memory AI

Feature	Description
Definition	AI that learns from recent experiences to make better decisions.
Ability	Can store small amounts of data temporarily.
Use	Most modern AI systems use this model.
Example	Self-driving cars, voice assistants.

🧩 Key Idea:
Limited Memory AI = “Learn from short-term experience.”

3️⃣ Theory of Mind AI

Feature	Description
Definition	AI that can understand human emotions, intentions, and behavior.
Ability	Tries to predict human reactions and feelings.
Status	Under research and not yet achieved.
Example	AI with emotional understanding (like robots in movies).

🧩 Key Idea:
Theory of Mind AI = “AI that understands people.”

4️⃣ Self-Aware AI

Feature	Description
Definition	AI that has its own consciousness and self-awareness.
Ability	Can think, plan, and feel emotions like humans.
Status	Purely theoretical (future concept).
Example	Fictional AI — Ultron, Ava (Ex Machina).

🧩 Key Idea:
Self-Aware AI = “AI that knows it exists.”

📊 Comparison Table – AI Based on Functionality

Type	Name	Key Feature	Memory	Example
1️⃣	Reactive Machines	Reacts only to current input	❌ No memory	IBM Deep Blue
2️⃣	Limited Memory	Learns from past data	✅ Short-term	Self-driving car
3️⃣	Theory of Mind	Understands human emotions	🔄 In research	Emotional robots
4️⃣	Self-Aware	Self-conscious, independent	♾️ Infinite (theoretical)	Ultron (fictional)

🧠 Mind Map: AI Based on Functionality

        AI Based on Functionality
                  |
  ---------------------------------------------
  |          |             |              |
 Reactive   Limited    Theory of Mind   Self-Aware
 Machines   Memory          AI              AI
   |           |             |              |
 No Memory   Short-term   Emotional       Conscious
 Response     Learning     AI (Future)     AI (Future)

📘 Summary Table: Chapter 4 – AI and Its Types

Section	Topic	Key Idea
4.1	Introduction	AI classified by Capabilities and Functionality
4.2	Types of AI	Two categories → Capability-based & Functionality-based
4.3	Based on Capabilities	ANI, AGI, ASI — from weak to super-intelligent
4.4	Based on Functionality	Reactive, Limited Memory, Theory of Mind, Self-Aware

✅ Key Takeaways

AI is divided into two major categories:
- Based on Capabilities:
  1️⃣ Narrow AI (ANI)
  2️⃣ General AI (AGI)
  3️⃣ Super AI (ASI)
- Based on Functionality:
  1️⃣ Reactive Machines
  2️⃣ Limited Memory
  3️⃣ Theory of Mind
  4️⃣ Self-Aware AI
Most AI today is Narrow and Limited Memory AI (e.g., Alexa, Siri, ChatGPT).
Super AI and Self-Aware AI are still concepts of the future.

🧠 Complete Mind Map: AI and Its Types

              AI AND ITS TYPES
                     |
      --------------------------------------------------
      |                                                |
 Based on Capabilities                           Based on Functionality
      |                                                |
  -------------------------------------      ----------------------------------
  |           |            |              |          |           |           |
 Narrow AI  General AI   Super AI      Reactive   Limited    Theory of   Self-
  (ANI)       (AGI)       (ASI)       Machines   Memory AI    Mind AI   Aware AI
   |            |            |            |          |           |          |
 Single-Task  Human-Like  Beyond Human  No Memory  Short-Term   Understand  Conscious
 AI           Intelligence Intelligence  Logic     Learning     Emotions    Existence

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