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From Barter to Money 1. How does the barter system take place and what kinds of commodities were used for exchange under the system? Answer: The barter system is a …

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The Constitution of India — An Introduction 1. “The Constituent Assembly had representatives from diverse backgrounds in India.” Why do you think it was important to have a diverse set …

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From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types of Governments 1. Write names of the various types of government that you have learnt in the chapter. Answer: The various types of …

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How the Land Becomes Sacred 1. Read the following statement by a well-known environmental thinker, David Suzuki: “The way we see the world shapes the way we treat it. If …

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The Gupta Era: An Age of Tireless Creativity 1. Imagine you receive a letter from someone living in the Gupta Empire. The letter starts like this: “Greetings from Pāṭaliputra! Life …

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The Age of Reorganisation 1. Why was the post-Maurya era also known as the era of reorganisation? Answer: The post-Maurya era is called the “Age of Reorganisation” because, after the …

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The Rise of Empires 1. What are the features of an empire, and how is it different from a kingdom? Explain. Answer: An empire is a large territory made up …

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New Beginnings: Cities and States 1. Consider the quotation at the start of the chapter and discuss in several groups. Compare your observations and conclusions on what Kauṭilya recommends for …

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Climates of India Questions and activities 1. Match the climatic factors with their effects: Answer: (1) Latitude (b) Creates different climates in the north and south (2) Altitude (c) Keeps …

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Understanding the Weather Questions and activities 1. Match the instrument with the weather element it measures. Answer: Hygrometer Humidity Anemometer Wind direction and speed Barometer Atmospheric pressure Thermometer Temperature Rain …

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